【なに or なん】Interrogative “何”

Let’s look at the interrogative word “何” ☺︎

It has two readings: なに and なん.

① なに + particle

Let’s look at the rule for なに.

The first point is that the reading なに is followed by a particle. For example:

今夜こんやなにべますか?
What will you eat tonight?

旅行中りょこうちゅうなに一番いちばんたのしかったですか?
What did you enjoy most during your trip?

会社かいしゃまでいつもなにっていますか?
What do you always use to get to your office? (How do you get to your office?)

ものなにしますか?
What would you like to drink?

なにいいあんはありますか? ※ Sometimes it can be “なんか” in a casual occasion: 何かいい案ある?
Do you have any suggestions?

② なに modifies a noun

The second point is なに is used when modifying a noun. For example:

何語なにご

それは何語ですか?
What language is it?

何色なにいろ

何色が好きですか?
What colour do you like?

③ なん + ですか

Let’s move on to the reading なん.

なん goes together with ですか when asking a questions politely. For example:

きなものなんですか?
What is your favourite food?

それはなんですか?
What is that?

③ なん describes the number (quantity)

Another point is なん is used to describe the number of the targeted noun. For example:

何人なんにん

– 何人家族かぞくですか?
How many people are in your family?

何階なんかい

– カメラは何階にありますか?
Which floor can I find cameras?

How to answer the questions with 何

Questions with 何 can be answered with です as a substitute of a verb. What does it by it?

Q: いつもあさごはんになにべますか?
What do you usually eat for breakfast?

A: 朝はいつもコーヒーだけです。(朝はいつもコーヒーだけみます。)
I always just drink coffee.

Q: 今夜こんやなにをしますか?
What are you doing tonight?

A: 料理りょうり洗濯せんたくです。(料理と洗濯をします。)
I will cook and do the laundry.

Q: クラスに何人なんにんいますか?
How many people are in your class?

A: 20にんです。(20人います。)
There are 20 people.

Q: このふく何色なんしょくありますか?
How many colours are available for this piece of clothing?

A: 4しょくです。(4色あります。)
There are 4 colours.

Common words with 何

Here is a small list of commonly used words with なに and なん.

なになん
何人(なにじん)
What nationality
何人(なんにん)
How many people
何色(なにいろ)
What colour
何色(なんしょく)
How many colours
何科(なにか)
What course
何個(なんこ)
How many things
何大学(なにだいがく)
What university
何歳(なんさい)
How old (age)
何県(なにけん)
What prefecture
何ヶ月(なんかげつ)
How many months
何語(なにご)
What language
何年(なんねん)
How many years

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